Modelling of energy transition as an optimization problem: is it possible to achieve energy transition in France without renewable energy research?

Open Access

Fig. 10

Number of panels (up part), produced (dashed black line) and out of order panels (dashed gray line) following scenario C with t_f = 400 years) and S_x(0) = 3 billion kilograms. Raw material stock as a function of time (bottom part, blue line). Highlighting of the two steps leading to scarcity effect after 370 years.

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